Hip and knee pain can affect people of all ages and activity levels. Sometimes the cause is a sudden sports injury, while in other cases, pain develops gradually due to arthritis or age-related changes within the joint.

Although these conditions can produce similar symptoms, understanding the differences may help you recognise when it’s time to seek medical assessment. An accurate diagnosis is important because treatment recommendations vary depending on the underlying cause.

At PJS Orthopaedics, we assess a wide range of hip and knee conditions and develop personalised management plans based on each patient’s symptoms, lifestyle, and goals.

What Is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a condition that affects the joints and may lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced movement over time.

One of the most common forms affecting the hip and knee is osteoarthritis, where the joint cartilage gradually wears down as part of the ageing process or following previous injury.

Arthritis symptoms usually develop gradually rather than suddenly.

What Is a Sports Injury?

A sports injury occurs when structures such as ligaments, tendons, muscles, cartilage, or bone are damaged during physical activity or exercise.

Sports injuries can affect anyone—not only athletes—and may also occur during everyday activities involving twisting, lifting, or sudden changes in direction.

Common examples include:

  • Meniscus tears
  • Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries
  • Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries
  • Muscle strains
  • Tendon injuries

Arthritis vs Sports Injury: What Are the Differences?

Although symptoms may overlap, there are several differences between arthritis and acute injuries.

Arthritis Sports Injury
Symptoms often develop gradually Symptoms usually begin suddenly after an injury
Pain may worsen over months or years Pain often starts immediately or within hours
Morning stiffness is common Swelling may develop soon after injury
Pain may improve with gentle movement Pain may worsen with certain movements
Often affects both activity and rest Usually related to a specific injury or activity

Every person is different, and these features are not always clear-cut. A medical assessment is the best way to determine the cause of joint pain.

Common Symptoms of Arthritis

People with arthritis may experience:
  • Gradually increasing joint pain
  • Morning stiffness
  • Reduced flexibility
  • Swelling
  • Difficulty walking long distances
  • Pain after prolonged activity
  • Reduced range of motion

Symptoms often fluctuate and may vary from day to day.

Common Symptoms of a Sports Injury

Symptoms following an injury may include:

  • Sudden pain
  • Swelling
  • Bruising
  • Difficulty bearing weight
  • Joint instability
  • Locking or catching of the knee
  • Reduced movement
  • Pain during sporting activities

The type and severity of symptoms depend on the injured structure.

Can Arthritis Develop After a Sports Injury?

Yes. Some people who experience significant joint injuries may have an increased risk of developing post-traumatic osteoarthritis later in life.

Not everyone who sustains a sports injury will develop arthritis, but previous injuries can contribute to changes within the joint over time.

Appropriate diagnosis, rehabilitation, and ongoing joint care may help support long-term joint health.

How Are These Conditions Diagnosed?

Diagnosis begins with a detailed discussion about your symptoms, including:

  • When the pain started
  • Whether there was a specific injury
  • Activities that worsen or improve symptoms
  • Previous injuries
  • Medical history

A physical examination may assess:

  • Joint movement
  • Muscle strength
  • Stability
  • Swelling
  • Areas of tenderness

Depending on your symptoms, imaging may also be recommended.

X-rays

X-rays can help identify arthritis, fractures, or changes affecting the bones and joints.

MRI

An MRI provides detailed images of the soft tissues, including cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and the menisci, and may be recommended when clinically appropriate.

The need for imaging is determined on an individual basis.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends entirely on the underlying diagnosis.

Management may include:

  • Activity modification
  • Physiotherapy
  • Exercise programs
  • Pain management strategies
  • Weight management where appropriate
  • Joint injections when clinically indicated
  • Surgical assessment if conservative treatments are no longer effective

The most appropriate treatment is based on your individual condition, symptoms, and lifestyle.

When Should You Seek Medical Advice?

Arrange an assessment if you experience:

  • Persistent hip or knee pain
  • Swelling that does not improve
  • Difficulty walking
  • Joint locking
  • Knee instability
  • Pain that limits your daily activities
  • Symptoms following a significant injury

Early assessment may help identify the cause of your symptoms and guide appropriate management.

Looking After Your Joints

Whether your pain is related to arthritis or a sports injury, maintaining healthy joints is important.

Helpful strategies may include:

  • Staying physically active within your comfort level
  • Maintaining muscle strength
  • Wearing supportive footwear
  • Warming up before exercise
  • Maintaining a healthy weight
  • Seeking assessment if symptoms persist

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I tell if my knee pain is arthritis or an injury?

Arthritis usually develops gradually over time, while sports injuries often occur suddenly after a specific event. Because symptoms can overlap, a medical assessment is recommended for an accurate diagnosis.

Can I still exercise if I have arthritis?

Many people with arthritis benefit from appropriate physical activity. The type and amount of exercise should be based on your symptoms and discussed with your healthcare professional.

Does every sports injury require surgery?

No. Many sports injuries can be managed without surgery. Treatment depends on the type of injury, its severity, your symptoms, and your activity goals.

Can arthritis and a sports injury occur together?

Yes. Some people with arthritis may also sustain a sports injury or another joint injury. In these situations, a thorough assessment is important to identify all contributing factors.

Book an Orthopaedic Consultation

If you’re unsure whether your hip or knee pain is caused by arthritis or a sports injury, an accurate diagnosis is the first step towards appropriate treatment.

Dr Parminder J. Singh provides comprehensive assessment and management of hip and knee conditions, with treatment plans tailored to each patient’s individual needs.

If persistent joint pain is affecting your mobility or quality of life, contact PJS Orthopaedics to arrange a consultation.